Every year on August 5, Pakistan observes Youm-e-Istehsal (Exploitation Day) to mark the anniversary of India’s revocation of Jammu and Kashmir’s special status in 2019. This day is commemorated as a powerful expression of solidarity with the Kashmiri people, who have long struggled for their right to self-determination.
The Significance of August 5, 2019
On this date, the Indian government unilaterally abrogated Articles 370 and 35A of its Constitution, thereby stripping Jammu and Kashmir of its special status and dividing the region into two union territories: Jammu and Kashmir in the west and Ladakh in the east. The status had guaranteed special rights to the Muslim-majority state, including its own constitution and autonomy to make laws on all matters except defence, communications and foreign affairs. This move was followed by a massive military lockdown, communications blackout, and the imposition of severe restrictions on movement and civil liberties.
In response to the controversial move, the Government of Pakistan designated 5 August as Youm-e-Istehsal, starting in 2020. This day is now observed annually in Pakistan as a reaction to the status change.
Observance in Pakistan and worldwide
Youm-e-Istehsal is observed across Pakistan with various activities designed to raise awareness about the Kashmir issue and highlight the alleged human rights abuses in the region. Key elements of the observance include:
- Public demonstrations and rallies in major cities.
- Human chains symbolizing unity with Kashmiris.
- Seminars, webinars, panel discussions, photo exhibitions and media programs focusing on the history and current status of the Kashmir conflict.
- Government and military leaders’ statements reiterating Pakistan’s moral, political, and diplomatic support for the people of Kashmir.
- Social media campaigns.
Pakistani and Kashmiri Diaspora and Pakistan’s diplomatic missions around the world are also arranging special events to raise global awareness about the Youm-e-Istehsal.
International Perspective
Despite India’s insistence that the move is an internal matter, Pakistan maintains that the disputed status of Jammu and Kashmir is internationally recognized, as per UN resolutions. Pakistan has consistently urged the global community to hold India accountable for what it describes as systematic human rights violations and to facilitate a peaceful resolution of the Kashmir issue in accordance with the wishes of the Kashmiri people.
International human rights organizations have also raised concerns about:
- Arbitrary detentions of Kashmiris.
- Suppression of freedom of speech and press freedom.
- Excessive use of force against civilians.
- Demographic changes allegedly intended to alter the Muslim-majority character of the region.
Symbol of Resistance and Remembrance
Youm-e-Istehsal is not just a day of protest; it is a day of remembrance, resistance, and resilience. It serves as a reminder of the continued suffering of the Kashmiri people and Pakistan’s unwavering commitment to keeping the Kashmir issue alive on the international stage.
As the region remains under tight control, with limited access for journalists and observers, this annual observance plays a crucial role in amplifying the voices of Kashmiris and calling for an end to their perceived exploitation.